What is a Pressure regulator? The air pressure regulator is a straightforward piece of equipment. It’s used to get a plant’s main instrument air supply down to a level appropriate for air-operated instruments including transmitters and control valves. Each air-operated instrument usually has its own regulator. Fuel Pressure regulator The fuel pressure regulator is an […]
What is air consumption? The volume of a cylinder, the cycle time, and the inlet air pressure all affect air consumption. It’s usually measured in Normal Cubic Feet Per Minute (SCFM) of free air, with “Standard” referring to a temperature of 70°F and a pressure of 1000 feet above sea level (standard atmosphere). On pneumatic […]
What is a Reynolds number? The Reynolds number helps predict flow patterns in different fluid flow situations. At low Reynolds numbers, flows tend to be dominated by laminar (sheet-like) flow, while at high Reynolds numbers flows tend to be turbulent. The turbulence results from differences in the fluid’s speed and direction, which may sometimes intersect […]
Air flow Air flow, or airflow, is the movement of air. The primary cause of air flow is the existence of air. Air behaves in a fluid manner, meaning particles naturally flow from areas of higher pressure to those where the pressure is lower. Atmospheric air pressure is directly related to altitude, temperature, and composition. […]
PSI – Pounds per square inch The pound per square inch or, more accurately, pound-force per square inch (symbol: lbf/in2; abbreviation: psi) is a unit of pressure or of stress based on avoirdupois units. It is the pressure resulting from a force of one pound-force applied to an area of one square inch. In SI […]
Coandă effect The Coandă effect is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a convex surface. It is named after Romanian inventor Henri Coandă, who described it as “the tendency of a jet of fluid emerging from an orifice to follow an adjacent flat or curved surface and to entrain fluid from […]
How is heat transferred? Heat transfers through solid materials (conduction), liquids and gases (convection), and electromagnetic waves (radiation). Heat usually transmits in a combination of three types of heat transfers and seldomly occurs independently. Heat transfers engage in a wide range of functions, from heating and cooling to leading thermal physics. Whenever there’s a temperature […]
What is a Venturi vacuum? Air-driven Venturi vacuum generators are an advantageous option for fast-response and localized powered vacuum systems. During the last decade, they became convenient and flexible solutions for users worldwide. Meanwhile, many users remain misinformed. They don’t fully understand the benefits of this product nor its purposes. Several manufacturers call them different […]
What is the Venturi effect? The Venturi effect reduces fluid pressure when fluid enters a constricted area within a pipe. When a fluid flows through a confined area, the liquid’s velocity increases, and the pressure decreases, per Bernoulli’s principle. Fluid circulates from left to right at a constant paste. To maintain its charismatic flow, […]
What is Laminar Flow? Laminar flow is particles within a fluid that travel in a parallel line. Every layer of particles moves smoothly without disruption between one another. In a laminar flow, the fluid experience does not swirl nor eddies from its primary path. The particles remain close to a solid surface, moving in a […]